Method and apparatus for transmitting ACK/NACK

ABSTRACT

A technology enabling a base station to transmit acknowledgement (ACK)/negative ACK (NACK) information about data received from a terminal is provided. A cyclic shift value difference of each terminal may be maximized and a radio resource for transmitting the ACK/NACK information may be assigned without collision.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

The present application is a continuation of U.S. Ser. No. 12/652,210 filed Jan. 5, 2010, which issued as U.S. Pat. No. 8,320,337 Nov. 27, 2012, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates to a technology enabling a base station to transmit acknowledgement (ACK)/negative ACK (NACK) information about data received from a terminal.

BACKGROUND ART

In a multi-carrier cellular mobile communication system, a terminal may transmit uplink data to a base station. Since a plurality of terminals in a single subframe may transmit uplink data, a base station transmits acknowledgement (ACK)/negative ACK (NACK) information of the uplink data to the plurality of terminals of the single subframe. For example, in a 3^(rd) Generation Partnership Project Long Term Evolution (3GPP LTE) system, ACK/NACK information of the uplink data may be referred to as a Hybrid Automatic Repeat-request (HARQ) indicator (HI). Also, a base station may transmit the HI to a plurality of terminals through a Physical Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request Indicator Channel (PHICH).

Also, a terminal may transmit a cyclic—shifted reference signal to a base station. A base station may estimate a wireless channel state of each terminal using the reference signal. Cyclic shift values of reference signals, transmitted by each of the terminals, are to be maximally spaced apart from each other to easily estimate the wireless channel.

A cyclic shift value of each terminal may be associated with a PHICH radio resource of each of the terminals. Accordingly, when the cyclic shift value of each of the terminals is determined based on only being spaced apart, a same PHICH radio resource may be assigned to each of the terminals.

When the same PHICH radio resource is assigned to each of the terminals, each of the terminals may not identify a PHICH radio resource for each of the terminals, and thereby may not receive PHICH information of data transmitted by each of the terminals.

Accordingly, a cyclic shift value of each terminal is to be maximally spaced apart from each other, and a PHICH radio resource is to be assigned to each of the terminals.

DISCLOSURE OF INVENTION Technical Goals

An aspect of the present invention provides a method of transmitting acknowledgement (ACK)/negative ACK (NACK) information that may cyclic-shift a reference signal based on radio link control information received from a base station.

An aspect of the present invention also provides a method of transmitting ACK/NACK information that may assign a radio resource for a Physical Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request Indicator Channel (PHICH) without collision.

An aspect of the present invention also provides a method of transmitting ACK/NACK information that may maximize a difference in cyclic shift values of terminals and assign a radio resource for a PHICH without collision.

Technical Solutions

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of receiving, by a terminal, acknowledgement (ACK)/negative ACK (NACK) information about transmitted data in a wireless communication system, the method including: receiving cyclic shift information for a reference signal from a base station; transmitting, to the base station, the data and a reference signal which is cyclic-shifted using a cyclic shift value which is determined based on the cyclic shift information for the reference signal; and receiving, from the base station, the ACK/NACK information about the transmitted data through a downlink channel which is determined based on the cyclic shift information for the reference signal, wherein the cyclic shift value is determined based on a dynamic cyclic shift value mapped one-to-one to the cyclic shift information for the reference signal, and a radio resource location of the downlink channel is identified based on a modifier mapped one-to-one to the cyclic shift information for the reference signal.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of transmitting, by a base station, ACK/NACK information about data received from a terminal in a wireless communication system, the method including: transmitting cyclic shift information for a reference signal to the terminal; receiving, from the terminal, the data and a reference signal which is cyclic-shifted using a cyclic shift value which is determined based on the cyclic shift information for the reference signal; and transmitting, to the terminal, the ACK/NACK information about the received data through a downlink channel which is determined based on the cyclic shift information for the reference signal, wherein the cyclic shift value is determined based on a dynamic cyclic shift value mapped one-to-one to the cyclic shift information for the reference signal, and a radio resource location of the downlink channel is identified based on a modifier mapped one-to-one to the cyclic shift information for the reference signal.

Advantageous Effects

According to the present invention, a reference signal may be cyclic-shifted based on radio link control information received from a base station.

Also, according to the present invention, a difference in cyclic shift values of terminals may be maximized and a PHICH radio resource may be assigned without collision.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a data frame transmitted by a terminal to a base station according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 illustrates graphs associated with a wireless channel estimation using a cyclic-shifted reference signal according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating an operation of determining a downlink radio resource based on radio link control information according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a base station according to an embodiment of the present invention; and

FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating a data receiving method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to the like elements throughout. The embodiments are described below in order to explain the present invention by referring to the figures.

In the present invention, a base station may indicate a control device controlling a single cell. In a communication system, a physical base station may actually control a plurality of cells. In this instance, the physical base station may include a plurality of base stations defined in the present invention. That is, a parameter differently assigned to each cell may be recognized that each of the base stations assigns a different value.

In the present invention, a reference signal may be an uplink Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS) when the present invention is applied to a 3^(rd) Generation Partnership Project Long Term Evolution (3GPP LTE) system.

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a data frame 100 transmitted by a terminal to a base station according to an embodiment of the present invention. The data frame 100 transmitted by the terminal to the base station may include first data 110 and second data 130. The data frame 100 may also include a reference signal 120.

The reference signal 120 may be a signal agreed to by the terminal and the base station. The base station may have information about a pattern of the reference signal 120 transmitted by the terminal. The base station may estimate a wireless channel between the terminal and the base station using the reference signal 120, and decode the first data 110 and the second data 130 using the estimated wireless channel.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of terminals may transmit each data frame to a base station using a same uplink radio resource. However, the present invention may not be limited to the above-described embodiment. In particular, the base station may receive each data frame using a Multi-user Multiple Input Multiple Output (MU-MIMO) scheme. However, the present invention may not be limited to the MU-MIMO scheme. The base station may receive each data frame using a Single User MIMO (SU-MIMO) scheme.

When each of the terminals uses the same reference signal 120, the base station may not distinguish between a plurality of reference signals 120 included in each of the frames using the same uplink radio resource. In this case, a wireless channel for each terminal may not be estimated, and thus the first data 110 and the second data 130 may not be decoded.

The base station may assign different cyclic shift values to each of the terminals to overcome the disadvantage. Each of the terminals may cyclic-shift each of the reference signals 120 based on the assigned cyclic shift value. The base station may divide each of the reference signals 120 using the cyclic shift value of each of the reference signals 120. Accordingly, the base station may estimate the wireless channel of each of the terminals and decode the first data 110 and the second data 130 of each of the terminals using the estimated wireless channel.

FIG. 2 illustrates graphs associated with a wireless channel estimation using a cyclic-shifted reference signal according to an embodiment of the present invention. Hereinafter, it is described with reference to FIG. 2 that a base station divides each reference signal using the reference signals cyclic-shifted based on different cyclic shift values.

A terminal may cyclic-shift a reference signal in a time domain.

Otherwise, the terminal may phase-shift the reference signal in a frequency domain, and may perform an Inverse Fourier Transform (IFT) with respect to the phase-shifted reference signal. A phase difference of each of the reference signals in the frequency domain may be represented as a time difference of each of the reference signals in the time domain.

That is, a first reference signal received from a first terminal and a second reference signal received from a second terminal may be detected with a time difference.

FIG. 2(a) may indicate a result of estimating a wireless channel of each terminal using each of the reference signals when the first reference signal and the second reference signal are spaced apart from each other.

In FIG. 2, a time duration 230 corresponding to a single data frame may be 12 time intervals.

The base station may estimate a first wireless channel 210 of the first terminal using the first reference signal. Also, the base station may estimate a second wireless channel 220 of the second terminal using the second reference signal.

In FIG. 2(a), a first wireless channel 210 may be in a time interval 231 of a first time interval to a fifth time interval. Also, a second wireless channel 220 may be in a time interval 232 of a seventh time interval to an eleventh time interval. Since the first wireless channel 210 and the second wireless channel 220 are not overlapped and separately located, the first wireless channel 210 and the second wireless channel 220 may be spaced apart from each other.

Since the first wireless channel 210 and the second wireless channel 220 are not overlapped, the base station may accurately estimate the first wireless channel 210 and the second wireless channel 220. The base station may accurately decode data received from the first terminal or the second terminal using the accurately estimated first and second wireless channel 210 and 220.

FIG. 2(b) may indicate a result of estimating a wireless channel of each terminal using each of the reference signals when the first reference signal and the second reference signal are not spaced apart from each other.

In FIG. 2(b), a first wireless channel 240 and a second wireless channel 250 are overlapped in a time interval 263 from a sixth time interval to a tenth time interval. Accordingly, the first wireless channel 240 and the second wireless channel 250 may not be spaced apart from each other. In this case, the base station may not distinguish the first wireless channel 240 from the second wireless channel 250, and may not accurately estimate each of the first wireless channel 240 and the second wireless channel 250. Accordingly, the base station may not accurately decode data received from the first terminal or the second terminal.

Each wireless channel is to be included in the time interval 230 to accurately estimate each of the wireless channels. Also, each of the wireless channels is not to be overlapped, and to be sufficiently spaced apart from each other.

When the base station maximally spaces each of the wireless channels apart from each other, the base station may not accurately know a length, 231, 232, 261, and 262, of each of the wireless channels. Accordingly, a time difference between each of the wireless channels is to be equal. The base station may determine a cyclic shift value of the reference signal of each of the terminals to enable the time difference between each of the wireless channels to be equal.

When each of two terminals transmits a reference signal to a base station as shown in FIG. 2, and the first wireless channel is in the first time interval and the second wireless channel is in the seventh time interval, each of the wireless channels may be maximally spaced apart from each other. Also, when three terminals transmit a reference signal to a base station, a first wireless channel of a first terminal is in a first time interval, a second wireless channel of a second terminal is in a fifth time interval, and a third wireless channel of a third terminal is in a ninth time interval, each of the channels may be maximally spaced apart from each other and a time difference between each of the channels may be equal.

When each of the terminals transmits a reference signal using an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) scheme, a time interval between each of the reference signals in a time domain may be proportional to a phase interval between each of the reference signals in a frequency domain.

When it is considered that each of the terminals individually converts a phase of each of the reference signals depending on a cyclic shift value, a time difference of each of the wireless channels may be determined based on the cyclic shift value of each of the reference signals. The base station may determine the cyclic shift value of each of the reference signals to enable the time difference of each of the wireless channels to be maximum.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating an operation of determining a downlink radio resource based on radio link control information according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In operation S330, a base station 310 may transmit radio link control information to a terminal 320.

When the present invention is applied to a 3GPP LTE system, the radio link control information may be a Downlink Control Information (DCI) format 0. The DCI format 0 may include a plurality pieces of information, required when the terminal 320 transmits data to the base station 310, such as ‘cyclic shift information for DMRS field’. The terminal 320 may determine a dynamic cyclic shift value by referring to the cyclic shift information for DMRS field included in the DCI format 0. The DCI format 0 may be transmitted through a Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCC). When a plurality of terminals transmits data to the base station 310, the base station 310 may transmit the radio link control information determined as different values with respect to each of the terminals.

In operation S331, the terminal 320 may receive the radio link control information from the base station 310.

In operation S340, the terminal 320 may determine a cyclic shift value based on the radio link control information. When the present invention is applied to the 3GPP LIE system, the terminal 320 may determine a dynamic cyclic shift value based on the cyclic shift information for DMRS field included in the DCI format 0. Also, the terminal 320 may combine the dynamic cyclic shift value with other information, received from the base station 310, and thereby may determine the cyclic shift value for a reference signal.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, in operation S340, the terminal 320 may determine the cyclic shift value for the reference signal according to Equation 1. n _(cs)=(n _(DMRS) ⁽¹⁾ +n _(DMRS) ⁽²⁾ +n _(PRS))mod 12  [Equation 1]

Here, n_(cs) may denote the cyclic shift value for the reference signal of the terminal 320, and n_(DMRS) ⁽¹⁾ may denote a static cyclic shift value. n_(DMRS) ⁽¹⁾ may be included in broadcasting information which is equally transmitted to all terminals of a particular cell. A base station corresponding to the particular cell may transmit a same n_(DMRS) ⁽¹⁾ to all the terminals of the cell. Terminals included in different cells may receive a different n_(DMRS) ⁽¹⁾. n_(DMRS) ⁽²⁾ may denote the dynamic cyclic shift value determined based on the radio link control information received from the base station 310 in operation S331. n_(PRS) may be determined according to Equation 2. When the present invention is applied to the 3GPP LTE system, the radio link control information may be a DCI format 0. An operation S340 where the terminal 320 determines the dynamic cyclic shift value based on the radio link control information received from the base station 310 is described in detail below.

$\begin{matrix} {n_{PRS} = {\sum\limits_{i = 0}^{7}\;{{c(i)} \cdot 2^{i}}}} & \left\lbrack {{Equation}\mspace{14mu} 2} \right\rbrack \end{matrix}$

Here, c(i) may denote a pseudo-random sequence which is equally determined with respect to all the terminals of the base station 310.

The cyclic shift value for the reference signal of the terminal 320 may be determined according to Equation 1 and Equation 2. n_(DMRS) ⁽¹⁾ and n_(PRS) may be equally determined with respect to terminals transmitting data to the base station 310. Accordingly, a difference among cyclic shift values of reference signals of the terminals transmitting the data to the base station 310 may be determined based on only n_(DMRS) ⁽²⁾, the dynamic cyclic shift value.

In operation S341, the terminal 320 may cyclic-shift the reference signal based on the determined cyclic shift value. As an example of cyclic shift, the terminal 320 may phase-shift the reference signal in a frequency domain, and perform an IFT to convert the reference signal into a time domain signal. As another example of cyclic shift, the terminal 320 may cyclic-shift the reference signal in the time domain.

In operation S350, the terminal 320 may transmit the cyclic-shifted reference signal to the base station 310 depending on the cyclic shift value. The terminal 320 may transmit first data, second data, and the reference signal to the base station 310 using a data frame shown in FIG. 1. When the present invention is applied to the 3GPP LTE system, the terminal 320 may transmit uplink data to the base station 310 using a Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH).

In operation S351, the base station 310 may receive the reference signal as well as the first data and the second data from the terminal 320. According to an embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of terminals may transmit data and a reference signal to the base station 310 using a same radio resource. The base station 310 may receive the transmitted data using the same radio resource using the MU-MIMO scheme.

In operation S360, the base station 310 may estimate a wireless channel between the base station 310 and the terminal 320 using the reference signal received from the terminal 320.

In operation S361, the base station 310 may decode the data received from the terminal 320 using the estimated wireless channel. The base station 310 may determine whether an error occurs in the data by referring to a result of the decoding.

In operation S362, the base station 310 may generate acknowledgement (ACK)/negative ACK (NACK) information. When an error does not occur in the data, the ACK information may be generated. When an error occurs in the data, the NACK information may be generated.

In operation S370, the terminal 320 may identify a particular radio resource of a downlink channel where the ACK/NACK information is transmitted. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the terminal 320 may identify the radio resource location of the downlink channel using a modifier. The modifier may be mapped one-to-one to the cyclic shift information for DMRS field. A relationship between the cyclic shift information for DMRS field and the modifier is described in detail using Table 1.

In operation S380, the terminal 320 may receive the ACK/NACK information using the downlink radio resource identified in operation S370.

Hereinafter, the operations are described in greater detail with assumptions that the present invention is applied to the 3GPP LTE system. When the present invention is applied to the 3GPP LTE system, radio link control information may be a DCI format 0, and ACK/NACK information of the uplink data may be a Hybrid Automatic Repeat-request (HARQ) indicator (HI). A downlink channel transmitting the ACK/NACK information may be a Physical Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request Indicator Channel (PHICH).

Radio resources of the PHICH may be included in a PHICH radio resource group and managed. That is, a particular PHICH radio resource may be identified by an index of the PHICH radio resource group and an index of a PHICH radio resource in the PHICH radio resource group.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, in operation S370, the terminal 320 may determine a particular resource of the PHICH based on the DCI format 0 according to Equation 3. n _(PHICH) ^(group)=(I _(PRB) _(_) _(RA) ^(lowest) ^(_) ^(index) +n _(DMRS))mod N _(PHICH) ^(group) +I _(PHICH) ·N _(PHICH) ^(group) n _(PHICH) ^(seq)=(└I _(PRB) _(_) _(RA) ^(lowest) ^(_) ^(index) /N _(PHICH) ^(group) ┘+n _(DMRS))mod(2·N _(SF) ^(PHICH))  [Equation 3]

Here, n_(PHICH) ^(group) and I_(PRB) _(_) _(RA) ^(lowest) ^(_) ^(index) may denote an index of a radio resource group of the PHICH, and a smallest physical resource block index of a first slot where a PUSCH is transmitted, respectively. The PUSCH may be a channel transmitting uplink data corresponding to the HI. n_(DMRS) may denote a modifier, and may be mapped one-to-one to the DCI format 0. N_(PHICH) ^(group) may denote a number of radio resource groups of the PHICH. I_(PHICH) may be 1 when a PUSCH transmission is performed in a fifth sub-frame or a tenth sub-frame of a single frame, in a UL/DL configuration of a Time Division Duplex (TDD) scheme. In other cases, I_(PHICH) may be 0.

Also, n_(PHICH) ^(seq) may denote an index of a particular PHICH radio resource from among PHICH radio resources included in the radio resource group of the PHICH. N_(SF) ^(PHICH) may denote a spreading factor used for PHICH modulation.

Referring to Equation 3, the PHICH radio resource where the ACK/NACK information is transmitted may be determined based on N_(PHICH) ^(group) and n_(PHICH) ^(seq).

When the plurality of terminals transmits the data to the base station 310 using different uplink radio resources, I_(PRB) _(_) _(RA) ^(lowest) ^(_) ^(index) of each of the terminals may be different. Accordingly, the PHICH radio resource may be different.

When the plurality of terminals transmits the data to the base station 310 using a same uplink radio resource, the base station 310 transmits ACK/NACK information of the transmitted data to the plurality of terminals using different PHICH radio resources. That is, the PHICH radio resource for each of the terminals is to be different from each other.

When the plurality of terminals uses the same uplink radio resource, different modifiers, n_(DMRS), may be assigned to each of the terminals from among factors for the PHICH radio resource. Accordingly, the base station 310 may assign the different modifiers, n_(DMRS), to each of the terminals, and thereby may determine the different PHICH radio resources.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, n_(DMRS) may be mapped one-to-one to cyclic shift information for DMRS field included in the DCI format 0 as shown in Table 1.

TABLE 1 cyclic shift information for DMRS field n_(DMRS) 000 0 001 1 010 2 011 3 100 4 101 5 110 6 111 7

Also, in operation S340, the terminal 320 may determine the dynamic cyclic shift value based on the DCI format 0 received from the base station 310, and determine the cyclic shift value for the reference signal based on the dynamic cyclic shift value.

Referring to Equation 1, the base station 310 may assign different dynamic cyclic shift values to each of the terminals, and thus the cyclic shift value of each of the terminals may be different from each other.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, a dynamic cyclic shift value, n_(DMRS) ⁽²⁾, may be mapped one-to-one to the cyclic shift information for DMRS field included in the DCI format 0 as shown in Table 2. The cyclic shift information for DMRS field included in the DCI format 0 of Table 2 may be received from the base station 310.

TABLE 2 cyclic shift information for DMRS field n_(DMRS) n_(DMRS) ⁽²⁾ 000 0 0 001 1 2 010 2 3 011 3 4 100 4 6 101 5 8 110 6 9 111 7 10

The dynamic cyclic shift value, n_(DMRS) ⁽²⁾, and the modifier, n_(DMRS), are shown in Table 2.

Referring to Table 2, the dynamic cyclic shift value, n_(DMRS) ⁽²⁾, may be associated with the modifier, n_(DMRS), based on the DCI format 0. Accordingly, when a base station assigns the dynamic cyclic shift value, n_(DMRS) ⁽²⁾, to enable a wireless channel between the base station and a terminal to be easily estimated, the modifier, n_(DMRS), may be affected. Accordingly, a collision between the PHICH radio resources where the terminal receives the ACK/NACK information may occur.

Hereinafter, an example where a collision among PHICH radio resources for a plurality of terminals occurs when the dynamic cyclic shift value, n_(DMRS) ⁽²⁾, is determined by referring to Table 2 is described.

Referring to Equation 3, a PHICH radio resource may be determined using a modulo operation.

When the plurality of terminals transmits data using an extended cyclic prefix, 2·N_(SF) ^(PHICH) may be four. Also, N_(PHICH) ^(group) may be four. In this instance, a radio resource group and a radio resource sequence may be obtained based on a ‘modulo four operation’. Accordingly, when a difference in a modifier, n_(DMRS), determined with respect to each of the terminals is a multiple of four, a same PHICH radio resource may be assigned to each of the terminals.

It may be assumed that radio link control information is assigned to a plurality of terminals by referring to Table 2. Also, it may be assumed that a time interval corresponding to a single data frame is divided into 12 time intervals. By referring to the description that a wireless channel of each of the terminals is to be maximally spaced apart from each other, described with reference to FIG. 2, when two terminals transmit data to a base station, {0, 6} may be assigned as a dynamic cyclic shift value n_(DMRS) ⁽²⁾ to each of the two terminals. In this case, the base station may determine {000, 100} as cyclic shift information for DMRS field included in the DCI format 0 with respect to each of the terminals, and n_(DMRS) may be determined as {0, 4}. Referring to Equation 3, a same PHICH radio resource may be assigned to each of the terminals. Accordingly, each of the terminals may not receive ACK/NACK information using the PHICH.

When four terminals transmit data to a base station, the base station may assign {0, 3, 6, 9} as a dynamic cyclic shift value n_(DMRS) ⁽²⁾ to each of the four terminals. In this case, the base station may determine {000, 010, 100, 110} as cyclic shift information for DMRS field included in the DCI format 0 with respect to each of the terminals. A modifier, n_(DMRS), may be determined as {0, 2, 4, 6}. Referring to Equation 3, a PHICH radio resource of a terminal where the modifier, n_(DMRS), is 0, may collide with a PHICH radio resource of a terminal where the modifier, n_(DMRS), is 4. Also, a PHICH radio resource of a terminal where the modifier, n_(DMRS), is 2, may collide with a PHICH radio resource of a terminal where the modifier, n_(DMRS), is 6.

When a corresponding relationship between cyclic shift information for DMRS field included in the DCI format 0 and the dynamic cyclic shift value n_(DMRS) ⁽²⁾ is improved, the collision may be prevented. Table 3 shows a mapping relationship between improved cyclic shift information and the dynamic cyclic shift value n_(DMRS) ⁽²⁾.

TABLE 3 cyclic shift information n_(DMRS) n_(DMRS) ⁽²⁾ 000 0 0 001 1 6 010 2 3 011 3 4 100 4 2 101 5 8 110 6 10 111 7 9

It may be assumed that two terminals transmit data and a reference signal by referring to Table 3. The base station may assign {0, 6} as a dynamic cyclic shift value n_(DMRS) ⁽²⁾ to each of the two terminals. In this case, the base station may determine {000, 001} as cyclic shift information with respect to each of the terminals. A modifier, n_(DMRS), may be determined as {0, 1}. Each of the terminals may use different PHICH radio resources, and receive ACK/NACK information.

It may be assumed that three terminals transmit a reference signal by referring to Table 3. The base station may assign {0, 4, 8} as a dynamic cyclic shift value n_(DMRS) ⁽²⁾ to each of the three terminals. In this case, the base station may determine {000, 011, 101} as cyclic shift information with respect to each of the terminals. A modifier, n_(DMRS), may be determined as {0, 3, 5}. When the modifier, n_(DMRS), is divided by four, remainders may be {0, 3, 1}. Accordingly, different PHICH radio resources may be determined for each of the terminals. Since a collision among the PHICH radio resources does not occur, each of the terminals may receive ACK/NACK information.

It may be assumed that four terminals transmit a reference signal by referring to Table 3. The base station may assign {0, 3, 6, 9} as a dynamic cyclic shift value n_(DMRS) ⁽²⁾ to each of the four terminals. In this case, a modifier, n_(DMRS), may be determined as {0, 2, 1, 7}. When the modifier, n_(DMRS), is divided by four, remainders may be {0, 2, 1, 3}. Accordingly, different PHICH radio resources may be determined for each of the terminals, even when the four terminals transmit data to the base station.

The examples where the terminal identifies the PHICH radio resource by referring to Table 3 has been described above. However, when the terminal identifies the PHICH radio resource by referring to Table 4, PHICH radio resources that do not collide with each other may be assigned to each terminal similar to Table 3.

TABLE 4 cyclic shift information n_(DMRS) n_(DMRS) ⁽²⁾ 000 0 0 001 1 6 010 2 4 011 3 3 100 4 2 101 5 8 110 6 9 111 7 10

FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a terminal 400 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The terminal 400 may include a receiving unit 410, a cyclic shift unit 420, and a transmission unit 430.

The receiving unit 410 may receive radio link control information from a base station 440. The cyclic shift unit 420 may determine a dynamic cyclic shift value based on the received radio link control information. The radio link control information may include cyclic shift information for a reference signal. When the present invention is applied to a 3GPP LTE system, the radio link control information may be the DCI format 0, and the cyclic shift information may be cyclic shift information for DMRS field included in the DCI format 0. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the cyclic shift unit 420 may map the dynamic cyclic shift value and the cyclic shift information for DMRS field included in the DCI format 0 by referring to Table 3 or Table 4.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the receiving unit 410 may receive a static cyclic shift value broadcasted from the base station 440. The static cyclic shift value may be equally determined with respect to all terminals 400 and 450 transmitting data to the base station 440. Conversely, the dynamic cyclic shift value may not be equally determined with respect to all the terminals 400 and 450.

The cyclic shift unit 420 may determine the cyclic shift value based on a pseudo-random sequence uniquely determined based on the base station 440 and a value obtained by summing the static cyclic shift value and the dynamic cyclic shift value.

The cyclic shift unit 420 may cyclic-shift a reference signal in proportion to the cyclic shift value. As an example of the cyclic shift, the cyclic shift unit 420 may phase-shift the reference signal in a frequency domain, and perform an IFT to convert the reference signal into a time domain signal. As another example of cyclic shift, the cyclic shift unit 420 may cyclic-shift the reference signal in the time domain.

The transmission unit 430 may transmit the cyclic shifted reference signal to the base station 440. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the receiving unit 410 may receive information about an uplink radio resource and the transmission unit 430 may transmit the cyclic-shifted reference signal and data to the base station 440 using the uplink radio resource.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the base station 440 may assign a same uplink radio resource to the terminals 400 and 450 transmitting the data to the base station 440. In this case, the base station 440 may receive the transmitted data using an MU-MIMO scheme.

The base station 440 may assign different dynamic cyclic shift values to the terminals 400 and 450. Accordingly, a cyclic shift value of each of the terminals 400 and 450 may be different from each other. The base station 440 may assign the different dynamic cyclic shift values to each of the terminals 400 and 450, and thereby may distinguish the reference signal received from each of the terminals 400 and 450.

The base station 440 may estimate a wireless channel between the base station 440 and each of the terminals 400 and 450. The base station 440 may decode the data, received from each of the terminals 400 and 450, based on a result of the decoding.

The receiving unit 410 may receive ACK/NACK information of the data transmitted by the transmission unit 430. Although the uplink radio resource transmitting the data may be equally assigned to the terminals 400 and 450, a downlink radio resource receiving the ACK/NACK information may be differently determined based on each of the terminals 400 and 450.

When the present invention is applied to a 3GPP LTE system, the ACK/NACK information of uplink data may be an HI. A downlink channel transmitting the ACK/NACK information may be a PHICH. Transmission from the base station 440 to each of the terminals 400 and 450 may be performed through the PHICH, and a radio resource of a downlink channel may be determined based on cyclic shift information for DMRS field included in the DCI format 0. The receiving unit 410 may determine a modifier n_(DMRS) based on the cyclic shift information for DMRS field included in the DCI format 0. An example of a mapping relationship between the cyclic shift information and the modifier n_(DMRS) is shown in Table 1.

The receiving unit 410 may receive the ACK/NACK information, transmitted to the base station 440, using the downlink radio resource according to Equation 3.

FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a base station 500 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The base station 500 may include a terminal selection unit 510, a transmission unit 520, a receiving unit 530, and a channel estimation unit 540.

The terminal selection unit 510 may select a plurality of terminals 570, 580, and 590 to transmit data to the base station 500 from a plurality of terminals located in a coverage of the base station 500. Hereinafter, it may be assumed that a first terminal 570 and a second terminal 580 are selected as the terminal to transmit the data.

The transmission unit 520 may determine radio link control information of each of the terminals 570 and 580 based on a number of selected terminals. The radio link control information may include cyclic shift information for a reference signal. When the same uplink radio resource is assigned to each of the terminals 570 and 580, the transmission unit 520 may determine the cyclic shift information for each of the terminals 570 and 580 to enable a time difference among the reference signals, transmitted by the terminals 570 and 580, to be maximum and equal. The transmission unit 520 may transmit the determined cyclic shift information to each of the terminals 570 and 580.

Each of the terminals 570 and 580 may determine a dynamic cyclic shift value based on the cyclic shift information. According to an embodiment of the present invention, each of the terminals 570 and 580 may determine a dynamic cyclic shift value by referring to Table 3 and Table 4.

Each of the terminals 570 and 580 may determine a cyclic shift value based on the dynamic cyclic shift value, determined to be different for each of the terminals 570 and 580, and broadcasting information equally determined with respect to each of the terminals 570 and 580. Also, each of the terminals 570 and 580 may cyclic-shift a reference signal using the cyclic shift value.

The receiving unit 530 may receive the cyclic-shifted reference signal and data from each of the terminals 570 and 580. The transmission unit 520 may equally determine an uplink radio resource with respect to each of the terminals 570 and 580 by referring to the cyclic shift information. The transmission unit 520 may transmit the radio link control information including information about an uplink radio resource. Each of the terminals 570 and 580 may transmit the data and the reference signal using the same uplink radio resource. The receiving unit 530 may receive the data using an MU-MIMO scheme.

The channel estimation unit 540 may estimate a wireless channel between the base station 500 and each of the terminals 570 and 580 based on the cyclic-shifted reference signal. The receiving unit 530 may decode the data based on a result of the estimating.

The receiving unit 530 may determine whether an error occurs in the decoded data. When the error occurs, the receiving unit 530 may determine that the data transmission fails. The transmission unit 520 may transmit ACK/NACK information to each of the terminals 570 and 580 using a downlink channel.

The transmission unit 520 may determine a radio resource of the downlink channel based on the radio link control information, and transmit ACK/NACK information using the determined radio resource of the downlink channel.

When the present invention is applied to a 3GPP LTE system, the radio link control information may be the DCI format 0, the cyclic shift information may be cyclic shift information for DMRS field included in the DCI format 0, and the ACK/NACK information of uplink data may be an HI. Also, the downlink channel transmitting the ACK/NACK information may be a PHICH. In this case, the transmission unit 520 may determine a modifier n_(DMRS) by referring to Table 1.

The transmission unit 520 may determine a PHICH radio resource according to Equation 3, and transmit the ACK/NACK information to each of the terminals 570 and 580 using the determined PHICH radio resource.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating a data receiving method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In operation S610, a terminal may receive radio link control information from a base station. The radio link control information may include cyclic shift information for a reference signal. The terminal may determine a dynamic cyclic shift value based on the radio link control information received from the base station. When the present invention is applied to a 3GPP LTE system, the radio link control information may be a DCI format 0, and the cyclic shift information may be cyclic shift information for DMRS field included in the DCI format 0. The terminal may receive the DCI format 0 from the base station, and determine the dynamic cyclic shift value n_(DMRS) ⁽²⁾. The terminal may determine the dynamic cyclic shift value by referring to Table 3 and Table 4.

In operation S620, the terminal may determine a cyclic shift value based on the dynamic cyclic shift value and broadcasting information transmitted from the base station. The broadcasting information may be equally determined for all terminals of a particular cell, and a static cyclic shift value may be the broadcasting information. The dynamic cyclic shift value may be differently determined with respect to each terminal transmitting the data to the base station. However, the broadcasting information may be equally determined for all the terminals of the cell.

In operation S630, the terminal may cyclic-shift a reference signal using the determined cyclic shift value. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the terminal may shift a phase of the reference signal by a phase shift value in a frequency domain. The phase shift value may correspond to the cyclic shift value. According to another embodiment of the present invention, the terminal may cyclic-shift a time of the reference signal by the cyclic shift value. The time corresponding to the cyclic shift value may be a value obtained by multiplying a remainder with a value. Here, the remainder may be a remainder when the cyclic shift value is divided by 12, and the value may be obtained by dividing a time when the reference signal is transmitted by 12.

In operation S640, the terminal may determine the uplink radio resource based on the radio link control information. According to an embodiment of the present invention, a same radio link control information may be assigned to a plurality of terminals transmitting data to a same base station.

In operation S650, the terminal may transmit the cyclic-shifted reference signal and the data to the base station. When the same radio link control information is assigned to each of the terminals in operation S640, the terminals may transmit the reference signal and the data to the base station using the same radio link control information. Although a plurality of reference signals is transmitted using the same radio link control information, the base station may identify each of the reference signals because a cyclic shift value of each of the reference signals are assigned differently. The base station may estimate a wireless channel state between the terminal and the base station using the reference signals and decode the data based on a result of the decoding.

When an error does not occur in the data, the base station may determine that the data transmission is successful.

In operation S660, the terminal may receive ACK/NACK information of the data. When a plurality of terminals transmits the data to the base station, the base station may transmit the ACK/NACK information to each of the terminals using different downlink radio resources.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the downlink radio resource may be identified based on the cyclic shift information for DMRS field included in the DCI format 0, included in the radio link control information. Since it has been described above with reference to FIG. 3 that a downlink radio resource is identified based on the cyclic shift information for DMRS field included in the DCI format 0, further detailed description is omitted.

The exemplary embodiments of the present invention include computer-readable media including program instructions to implement various operations embodied by a computer. The media may also include, alone or in combination with the program instructions, data files, data structures, tables, and the like. The media and program instructions may be those specially designed and constructed for the purposes of the present invention, or they may be of the kind well known and available to those having skill in the computer software arts. Examples of computer-readable media include magnetic media such as hard disks, floppy disks, and magnetic tape; optical media such as CD ROM disks; magneto-optical media such as floptical disks; and hardware devices that are specially configured to store and perform program instructions, such as read-only memory devices (ROM) and random access memory (RAM). Examples of program instructions include both machine code, such as produced by a compiler, and files containing higher level code that may be executed by the computer using an interpreter. The described hardware devices may be configured to act as one or more software modules in order to perform the operations of the above-described embodiments of the present invention, or vice versa.

Although a few embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments. Instead, it would be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents. 

The invention claimed is:
 1. A data communication method performed by a terminal, the method comprising: receiving cyclic shift information for a reference signal from a base station; and transmitting, to the base station, a cyclic-shifted reference signal generated by cyclically shifting the reference signal based on a cyclic shift value, wherein the cyclic shift value is determined based on a mapping to the cyclic shift information for the reference signal according to Table 1, and wherein the mapping according to Table 1 prevents collision of radio resources obtained based on a modulo-four operation TABLE 1 Cyclic shift information for Cyclic shift reference signal value 000 0 001 6 010 3 011 4 100 2 101 8 110 10  111 
 9.


2. The method of claim 1, wherein the transmitting comprises transmitting data and the cyclic-shifted reference signal to the base station, and wherein the method further comprises: receiving acknowledgement/negative acknowledgement (ACK/NACK) information about the transmitted data through a radio resource of a downlink channel.
 3. The method of claim 2, wherein the data is transmitted using an extended cyclic prefix.
 4. The method of claim 1, wherein a radio resource of a downlink channel is identified based on a modifier, and the modifier and the cyclic shift value are determined based on a mapping to the cyclic shift information for the reference signal according to Table 2 TABLE 2 Cyclic shift information Cyclic for reference signal Modifier shift value 000 0 0 001 1 6 010 2 3 011 3 4 100 4 2 101 5 8 110 6 10  111 7 
 9.


5. An apparatus for data communication, the apparatus comprising one or more antennas, a transceiver for performing wireless transmission and reception, a memory, and a processor operably coupled to the one or more antennas, the transceiver and the memory, to execute program instructions stored in the memory, wherein the processor, when executing the program instructions: causes the transceiver to receive cyclic shift information for a reference signal from a base station; and causes the transceiver to transmit a cyclic-shifted reference signal generated by cyclically shifting the reference signal based on a cyclic shift value, wherein the processor, when executing the program instructions, determines the cyclic shift value based on a mapping to the cyclic shift information for the reference signal according to Table 3, and wherein the mapping according to Table 3 prevents collision of radio resources obtained based on a modulo-four operation TABLE 3 Cyclic shift information for Cyclic shift reference signal value 000 0 001 6 010 3 011 4 100 2 101 8 110 10  111 
 9.


6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the processor, when executing the program instructions, causes the transceiver to transmit data and the cyclic-shifted reference signal to the base station and causes the transceiver to receive acknowledgement/negative acknowledgement (ACK/NACK) information about the transmitted data through a radio resource of a downlink channel.
 7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the processor, when executing the program instructions, causes the transceiver to transmit the data using an extended cyclic prefix.
 8. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the processor, when executing the program instructions, identifies a radio resource of a downlink channel based on a modifier, and the modifier and the cyclic shift value are determined based on a mapping to the cyclic shift information for the reference signal according to Table 4 TABLE 4 Cyclic shift information Cyclic for reference signal Modifier shift value 000 0 0 001 1 6 010 2 3 011 3 4 100 4 2 101 5 8 110 6 10  111 7 
 9.


9. A data communication method, the method comprising: transmitting cyclic shift information for a reference signal to a terminal; and receiving, from the terminal, a cyclic-shifted reference signal generated by cyclically shifting the reference signal based on a cyclic shift value, wherein the cyclic shift value is determined based on a mapping to the cyclic shift information for the reference signal according to Table 5, and wherein the mapping according to Table 5 prevents collision of radio resources obtained based on a modulo-four operation TABLE 5 Cyclic shift information for Cyclic shift reference signal value 000 0 001 6 010 3 011 4 100 2 101 8 110 10  111 
 9.


10. The method of claim 9, wherein the receiving comprises receiving data and the cyclic-shifted reference signal from the terminal, and wherein the method further comprises transmitting acknowledgement/negative acknowledgement (ACK/NACK) information about the received data through a radio resource of a downlink channel.
 11. The method of claim 10, wherein the data is received, from the terminal, using an extended cyclic prefix.
 12. The method of claim 9, wherein a radio resource of a downlink channel is identified based on a modifier, and the modifier and the cyclic shift value are determined based on a mapping to the cyclic shift information for the reference signal according to Table 6 TABLE 6 Cyclic shift information Cyclic for reference signal Modifier shift value 000 0 0 001 1 6 010 2 3 011 3 4 100 4 2 101 5 8 110 6 10  111 7 
 9.


13. An apparatus for data communication, the apparatus comprising one or more antennas, a transceiver for performing wireless transmission and reception, a memory, and a processor operably coupled to the one or more antennas, the transceiver and the memory, to execute program instructions stored in the memory, wherein the processor, when executing the program instructions: causes the transceiver to transmit cyclic shift information for a reference signal to a terminal; and causes the transceiver to receive, from the terminal, a cyclic-shifted reference signal generated by cyclically shifting the reference signal based on a cyclic shift value, wherein the processor, when executing the program instructions, determines the cyclic shift value based on a mapping to the cyclic shift information for the reference signal according to Table 7, and wherein the mapping according to Table 7 prevents collision of radio resources obtained based on a modulo-four operation TABLE 7 Cyclic shift information for Cyclic shift reference signal value 000 0 001 6 010 3 011 4 100 2 101 8 110 10  111 
 9.


14. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the processor, when executing the program instructions, causes the transceiver to receive data and the cyclic-shifted reference signal from the terminal and causes the transceiver to transmit acknowledgement/negative acknowledgement (ACK/NACK) information about the received data through a radio resource of a downlink channel.
 15. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the processor, when executing the program instructions, causes the transceiver to receive the data using an extended cyclic prefix.
 16. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the processor, when executing the program instructions, identifies a radio resource of downlink channel based on a modifier, and the modifier and the cyclic shift value are determined based on a mapping to the cyclic shift information for the reference signal according to Table 8 TABLE 8 Cyclic shift information Cyclic for reference signal Modifier shift value 000 0 0 001 1 6 010 2 3 011 3 4 100 4 2 101 5 8 110 6 10  111 7 
 9.


17. A data communication method performed by a terminal, the method comprising: receiving first information from a base station; determining an amount of cyclic shift; and transmitting, to the base station, a cyclic-shifted reference signal generated based on cyclically shifting the reference signal by the amount of cyclic shift, wherein a first index is determined based on the first information according to Table 9, and the amount of cyclic shift is determined based on the first index, and wherein the mapping according to Table 9 prevents collision of radio resources obtained based on a modulo-four operation TABLE 9 First information First index 000 0 001 6 010 3 011 4 100 2 101 8 110 10 111
 9.


18. The method of claim 17, further comprising: transmitting data to the base station; and receiving acknowledgement/negative acknowledgement (ACK/NACK) information about the transmitted data through a radio resource of a downlink channel.
 19. The method of claim 18, wherein the data is transmitted using an extended cyclic prefix.
 20. The method of claim 18, wherein the radio resource of the downlink channel is determined using a modulo-4 operation.
 21. The method of claim 18, wherein the radio resource of the downlink channel is identified based on a second index, and the second index is determined based on the first information according to Table 10 TABLE 10 First information Second index 000 0 001 1 010 2 011 3 100 4 101 5 110 6 111
 7.


22. The method of claim 18, wherein the radio resource of the downlink channel belongs to one of a plurality of radio resource groups, the radio resource of the downlink channel is identified based on a group index and a resource index, the group index indicating one of a plurality of radio resource groups to which the radio resource of the downlink channel belongs and the resource index indicating the radio resource of the downlink channel within the radio resource group indicated by the group index, wherein the group index is determined based on modulo-4 operation and the resource index is determined based on modulo-4 operation.
 23. An apparatus for data communication, the apparatus comprising one or more antennas, a transceiver for performing wireless transmission and reception, a memory, and a processor operably coupled to the one or more antennas, the transceiver and the memory, to execute program instructions stored in the memory, wherein the processor, when executing the program instructions: causes the transceiver to receive first information from a base station; determines an amount of cyclic shift; and causes the transceiver to transmit, to the base station, a cyclic-shifted reference signal generated based on cyclically shifting the reference signal by the amount of cyclic shift, wherein the processor, when executing the program instructions, determines a first index based on the first information according to Table 11, and determines the amount of cyclic shift based on the first index, and wherein the mapping according to Table 11 prevents collision of radio resources obtained based on a modulo-four operation TABLE 11 First information First index 000 0 001 6 010 3 011 4 100 2 101 8 110 10 111
 9.


24. The apparatus of claim 23, wherein the processor, when executing the program instructions, further causes the transceiver to transmit data to the base station, and to receive acknowledgement/negative acknowledgement (ACK/NACK) information about the transmitted data through a radio resource of a downlink channel.
 25. The apparatus of claim 24, wherein the data is transmitted using an extend cyclic prefix.
 26. The apparatus of claim 24, wherein the radio resource of the downlink channel is determined using a modulo-4 operation.
 27. The apparatus of claim 24, wherein the radio resource of the downlink channel is identified based on a second index, and the second index is determined based on the first information according to Table 12 TABLE 12 First information Second index 000 0 001 1 010 2 011 3 100 4 101 5 110 6 111
 7.


28. The apparatus of claim 24, wherein the radio resource of the downlink channel belongs to one of a plurality of radio resource groups, the radio resource of the downlink channel is identified based on a group index and a resource index, the group index indicating one of a plurality of radio resource groups to which the radio resource of the downlink channel belongs and the resource index indicating the radio resource of the downlink channel within the radio resource group indicated by the group index, wherein the group index is determined based on modulo-4 operation and the resource index is determined based on modulo-4 operation. 